Newsgram

Summer in St. Louis means the issuance of periodic excessive heat warnings. The very young, the elderly, those without air conditioning, and those participating in strenuous outdoor activities are the most susceptible to heat-related stress and illness during prolonged periods of dangerously hot temperatures and high humidity. Everyone should know the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

Heat Exhaustion

According to the Mayo Clinic, the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion may develop suddenly or over time, especially with prolonged periods of exercise. Possible heat exhaustion signs and symptoms include:

• Cool, moist skin with goose bumps when in the heat
• Heavy sweating
• Faintness
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Weak, rapid pulse
• Low blood pressure upon standing
• Muscle cramps
• Nausea
• Headache

If you think you're experiencing heat exhaustion:

• Stop all activity and rest
• Move to a cooler place
• Drink cool water or sports drinks

Call your doctor if you don't improve within one hour. If you are with someone showing the signs of heat exhaustion, seek immediate medical attention if he or she becomes confused or agitated, loses consciousness, or is unable to drink.

Heat Stroke

According to WebMD, heat stroke, also known as sunstroke, is the most serious form of heat injury and is considered a medical emergency.

The hallmark symptom of heat stroke is a core body temperature above 104 degrees Fahrenheit. But fainting may be the first sign. Other symptoms may include:

• Throbbing headache
• Dizziness and light-headedness
• Lack of sweating despite the heat
• Red, hot, and dry skin
• Muscle weakness or cramps
• Nausea and vomiting
• Rapid heartbeat, which may be either strong or weak
• Rapid, shallow breathing
• Behavioral changes such as confusion, disorientation, or staggering
• Seizures
• Unconsciousness

If you suspect someone has heat stroke, call 911 immediately and give first aid until paramedics arrive. For example, move the person to an air-conditioned environment, or at least a cool, shady area,  Fan air over the patient while wetting his or skin with water. Remember, any delay seeking medical help can be fatal.

For additional tips on safety related to extreme heat, visit www.cdc.gov/extremeheat/. 

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